08 Virtualization with SUSE

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Virtualization is a technology that allows multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on a single physical hardware by utilizing a hypervisor.

• KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine): A kernel-based hypervisor for Linux that leverages hardware virtualization capabilities like Intel VT-x and AMD-V.

• Xen: An open-source hypervisor that supports full virtualization and paravirtualization.

Using KVM on SUSE

KVM Requirements

1. Make sure the CPU supports hardware virtualization:

   egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

   • A result greater than 0 indicates support for virtualization.

2. Ensure virtualization is enabled in BIOS/UEFI.

Installing KVM

1. Install KVM packages:

   sudo zypper install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-manager

2. Enable and start the libvirt service:

   sudo systemctl enable libvirtd
   sudo systemctl start libvirtd

Creating a VM with KVM

Use virt-manager or the CLI command:

virt-install \
 --name vm_name \
 --ram 2048 \
 --vcpus 2 \
 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm_name.qcow2,size=20 \
 --os-type linux \
 --os-variant ubuntu20.04 \
 --cdrom /path/to/iso

Managing Virtual Machines (VMs) with libvirt and virt-manager

Libvirt is a library and toolset for managing hypervisors such as KVM and Xen. The main CLI tool is virsh.

Basic virsh Commands

1. List all VMs:

   virsh list –all

2. Start a VM:

   virsh start vm_name

3. Shut down a VM:

   virsh shutdown vm_name

4. Remove a VM:

   virsh undefine vm_name

5. View VM information:

   virsh dominfo vm_name

Using virt-manager

Virt-manager is a GUI tool for managing VMs.

1. Run virt-manager:

   virt-manager

2. Main features:

   • Create, delete, and manage VMs.

   • View VM consoles.

   • Configure resources like CPU, RAM, and networking.

Using Containers with Docker on SUSE

Docker is a containerization platform that allows applications to run in isolated environments.

Installing Docker on SUSE

1. Add the repositori Docker:

   sudo zypper addrepo https://download.docker.com/linux/sles/docker-ce.repo

2. Install Docker:

   sudo zypper install docker-ce

3. Enable and start the Docker service:

   sudo systemctl enable docker
   sudo systemctl start docker

4. Verify the installation:

   docker –version

Basic Docker Commands

1. Run a container:

   docker run -d -p 80:80 nginx

   • Runs an Nginx server in the background on port 80.

2. View running containers:

   docker ps

3. Stop a container:

   docker stop container_id

4. Remove a container:

   docker rm container_id

5. Download an image:

   docker pull image_name

6. Build an image from a Dockerfile:

   docker build -t image_name .

Docker Compose

Docker Compose is a tool for managing multi-container applications.

1. Install Docker Compose:

   sudo zypper install docker-compose

2. Example docker-compose.yml file:

   version: '3'
   services:
     web:
       image: nginx
       ports:
         - "80:80"
     db:
       image: mysql
       environment:
         MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password

3. Run the application:

   docker-compose up -d